{"id":1448,"date":"2013-05-14T12:12:58","date_gmt":"2013-05-14T10:12:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/?page_id=1448"},"modified":"2013-05-16T16:33:09","modified_gmt":"2013-05-16T14:33:09","slug":"suhreverdiyye","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/turkce\/tarikatler\/suhreverdiyye\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00fchreverd\u00eeyye"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hz. Ebu Hafs \u015eihabuddin \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee Hazretleri, Zenc\u00e2n’\u0131n S\u00fchreverd kasabas\u0131nda (H. 539) 1145’te d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir.’ Babas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 Muhammed\u2019dir ve soyu Hz. Ebu Bekir (ra)’e ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu silsile \u015fu isimler \u00fczerinden ilerler: \u00d6mer b. Muhammed b. Abdullah b. Muhammed b. Abdullah Amm\u00fbye b. Sa’d b. el-Huseyn b. ei-K\u00e2s\u0131m b. Alkame b. en-Nadr b. Muaz b. Abdurrahman b, el-Kas\u0131m b. Muhammed b. Ebu Bekir es-S\u0131dd\u00eek (ra).<\/p>\n

\u015eihabuddin \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, \u015eeyhu’l-\u0130sl\u00e2m, \u015eeyhu’\u015f-\u015euy\u00fbh lakablar\u0131yla tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcnyesi Eb\u00fb Abdullah ve Eb\u00fb Hafs’t\u0131r. Hz. Ebu Bekir (ra) neslinden geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in el-Bekri, el-Kure\u015f\u00ee ve et-Teym\u00ee gibi nisbelerle de an\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u00fchreverd\u00ee Hazretlerinin ailesi i\u00e7inden pek \u00e7ok tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f alim ve s\u00fbf\u00ee zuhur etmi\u015ftir. Amcas\u0131, Nehc\u00fc ‘s-S\u00fcl\u00fbk adl\u0131, siyas\u00ee etik konusundaki de\u011ferli eserin sahibi, Ebu’n-Necib Ziy\u00e2uddin Abdulkahir es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee\u2019dir. Babas\u0131 Ebu Cafer Muhammed es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, b\u00fcy\u00fck dedesi Abdullah b. Sa’d Amm\u00fbye\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

U\u00e7 fikirlerinden dolay\u0131 (585)1190’da Haleb’de idam edilen, S\u00fchreverd\u00ee Maktul olarak tan\u0131nan Yahya b. Habe\u015f es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee (548\/1154-585\/1190) ile nisbe benzerli\u011fi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir akrabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n

Hz. \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, doksan y\u0131ll\u0131k uzun \u00f6mr\u00fcnde, alt\u0131 Abbas\u00ee halifesinin saltanat\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu halifeler, Muktef\u00ee li-Emrillah (530\/1135-555\/1160), el-M\u00fcstencid Billah (555\/1160), el-Musta’z\u00ee Billahi (566\/1170-575\/1179), en-N\u00e2s\u0131r li-D\u00eenillah (575\/1179-622\/1125), ez-Zahir Billah (622\/1225-623\/1226) ve el-Mustans\u0131r Billah (623\/1226-640\/1243) olarak s\u0131ralan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yine bu d\u00f6nemde, do\u011fudan Mo\u011fol istilas\u0131 ve bat\u0131dan Ha\u00e7l\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131yla, \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fcnyas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck tehditlere maruz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sosyopolitik hareketlili\u011fin en \u00fcst seviyede oldu\u011fu bu zaman diliminde, Hz. Ahmed er-Rif\u00e2\u00ee (578\/1182), Hz. Abd\u00fclkadir Geyl\u00e2n\u00ee (561\/1160), Hz. Necmed\u00een-i K\u00fcbr\u00e2 (618\/1221), Hz. Muhyiddin \u0130bn\u00fc’l-Arab\u00ee (638\/1240) gibi tasavvufun abide \u015fahsiyetlerinin zuhur etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Hz. \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, on alt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar memleketi Zenc\u00e2n’\u0131n S\u00fchreverd kasabas\u0131nda ilk tahsilini yapt\u0131. Alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k iken babas\u0131n\u0131n vefat etti\u011fi i\u00e7in, bu d\u00f6nemdeki tahsilini amcas\u0131 Ebu’n-Nec\u00eeb es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee ve di\u011fer aile yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ebu’n-Nec\u00eeb es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, ye\u011feni \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee’yi on alt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken, y\u00fcksek tahsil i\u00e7in Ba\u011fdat’a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Orada m\u00fcderrislikle me\u015fgul olan Ebu’n-Necib bir s\u00fcre sonra \u015eam ve Kud\u00fcs’e gider. Oradan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte Ba\u011fdad’da kendi medrese ve zaviyesinde ders vermeye ba\u015flar. Hz. \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee yirmi d\u00f6rt ya\u015f\u0131nda, amcas\u0131 Ebu’n-Necib’i kaybeder. Sekiz sene boyunca \u0130slam ilimlerinde y\u00fcksek tahsil g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ba\u011fdat’tan ayr\u0131larak, Basra’ya gider. Orada Ebu Muhammed Abde’l-Basri (499\/1105-572\/1176)’nin sohbetlerinde bulunur. Daha sonra Ebu’s-Su\u00fbd el-Ba\u011fd\u00e2d\u00ee ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bir s\u00fcre ilm-i kelamla me\u015fgul olur. Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan sonra, uzlete \u00e7ekilerek insanlardan uzakla\u015f\u0131r. Manevi olgunlu\u011fa ermesinin neticesinde, amcas\u0131n\u0131n Dicle k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki medrese ve tekkesinde dersler ve vaazlar vermeye ba\u015flar. Etraf\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u00fcntesip halkas\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

Hz. \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee bu s\u00fcre boyunca Halife Nas\u0131r li-Dinillah ile irtibat halindedir. F\u00fct\u00fcvvet te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n kurucusu olan bu halife, hadis rivayet edecek derecede bir ilmi olgunlu\u011fa sahiptir. Halife Nas\u0131r, Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee i\u00e7in bir tekke in\u015fa ettirmi\u015ftir. Ona derin sayg\u0131 duymakta, her i\u015fte ona dan\u0131\u015fmakta, onun fikrine itibar etmekte ve duas\u0131n\u0131 almaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcvenilir kaynaklar, onun Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee\u2019ye intisap etti\u011fini kaydeder.<\/p>\n

Halife, Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee’yi Ba\u011fdad’daki tekkelerin nikap m\u00fcr\u015fidi kabul ederek, ona ‘\u015eeyhu’\u015f-\u015e\u00fcy\u00fbh’, ‘\u015eeyh\u00fc’l-\u0130sl\u00e2m’ ve ‘\u015eeyh\u00fc’l-Irak’ unvanlar\u0131n\u0131 verir. Halife Nas\u0131r li-D\u00eenillah, devrin siyasi \u00e7alkant\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, civar b\u00f6lge y\u00f6neticileri ile s\u00fcrekli diplomatik irtibat halindedir. Bu noktada, Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee’nin, sefaret g\u00f6reviyle s\u0131k s\u0131k \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelere gitti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, \u015eam’daki Eyyubi Sultanlar\u0131ndan Melik E\u015fref\u2019e birka\u00e7 defa el\u00e7i olarak gitmi\u015ftir. 1217’de Harezm Sultan\u0131 kalabal\u0131k bir ordu ile Ba\u011fdad’\u0131 almak \u00fczere yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Halife Nas\u0131r onu durdurmak \u00fczere Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee’yi e\u0130\u00e7i olarak g\u00f6nderir. Onun bu siyas\u00ee ki\u015fili\u011finin te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fcnde, amcas\u0131 Ebu’n-Necib es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee’nin b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Ebu’n-Necib, sultanlarla temas h\u00e2linde bir s\u00fbf\u00ee idi ve onlar\u0131 uyarmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetli eserler telif etmi\u015fti. Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, Ba\u011fdat halifesinin bir mektubunu yetmi\u015f sekiz gibi ileri bir ya\u015fta olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Konya’ya Alaeddin Keyk\u00fbb\u00e2d’a g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, yolda Malatya’ya u\u011frayarak orada Min\u00e2d\u00fc’l-\u0130b\u00e2d yazar\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc s\u00fbf\u00ee Necm\u00fcddin Daye ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Konya’ya giden S\u00fchreverd\u00ee orada Alaaddin Keykubad’la g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra, Mevl\u00e2n\u00e2’n\u0131n babas\u0131 Sultanu’l-Ulem\u00e2 ile bir araya gelmi\u015f, onunla sohbetler yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Vefat\u0131na az bir zaman kala g\u00f6rme duyusunu kaybeden Hz. S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, doksan ya\u015f\u0131nda, (1 Muharrem 632) 26 Kas\u0131m 1234 tarihinde Hakk\u2019a y\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Verdiyye’deki dergah\u0131nda medfundur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hz. Ebu Hafs \u015eihabuddin \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee \u00d6mer es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee Hazretleri, Zenc\u00e2n’\u0131n S\u00fchreverd kasabas\u0131nda (H. 539) 1145’te d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir.’ Babas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 Muhammed\u2019dir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1370,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"page-suhreverdi.php","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1448","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1448","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1448"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1448\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1465,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1448\/revisions\/1465"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1448"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}