{"id":256,"date":"2011-12-01T06:06:49","date_gmt":"2011-12-01T04:06:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/?page_id=256"},"modified":"2015-10-22T00:42:49","modified_gmt":"2015-10-21T22:42:49","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/english\/library\/glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"

A<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ahid:<\/strong>\u00a0promise, commitment. (Turkish: Ahid)<\/p>\n

Ahirat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the afterlife, the realm beyond the visible world (TR: Ahiret)<\/p>\n

Ahl:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>people, adepts, members of a particular group (TR: Ehil, Ehl)
\n<\/em>Ahl al-Bayt:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the \u201cfamily of the house\u201d or \u201chousehold\u201d of Hz. Muhammad (saws). Includes Hz. Ali, Hz. Fatima, Hz. Hasan, Hz. Husseyn. (TR: Ehl-i Beyt)<\/p>\n

Alim:<\/strong>\u00a0a scholar of ilm, of scientific knowledge. (TR: Alim)<\/p>\n

Arif:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>a Sufi on the maqam of marifat (TR: Arif)<\/p>\n

Asfiya:<\/strong>\u00a0the faithful devotees of Allah who serve Him in the purest manner that strictly follows the example of\u00a0 Hz. Muhammad (saws)(TR: Asfiya)<\/p>\n

Ashab al-Qiram<\/strong>: Sahabah; the companions, disciples, scribes and family of Hz Muhammad (saws).(TR: Ashab-\u0131 Kiram)<\/p>\n

Awliya:<\/strong>\u00a0(plural) the saints and friends of Allah. The singular form is Wali.
\n(TR: Evliya, singular: Veli)<\/p>\n

B<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Barakat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>grace and abundance, the grace of Allah (TR: Bereket)<\/p>\n

Beitullah:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>a mosque, literally \u201chouse of Allah\u201d; specifically means the Kaaba at Mecca. (TR: Beytullah)<\/p>\n

Biath:<\/strong>\u00a0Bay\u2019ah; an oath of allegiance to a leader, specifically to a Sufi teacher.
\n(TR: Biyat)<\/p>\n

C<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Caliph:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>successor for a position and\/or responsibility. In the Islamic tradition, a successor responsible for guiding people on the path to Allah, following the example of Hz. Muhammad (saws)\u00a0 (TR: Halife)<\/p>\n

D<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Dhikr:<\/strong>\u00a0\u2018remembrance\u2019; individual or collective meditation reciting the names of Allah. (TR: Zikir)<\/p>\n

E<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ehl-i Beyt: (<\/strong>see \u2018Ahl al-Bayt\u2019)<\/p>\n

F<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Fana:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>a stage of mystical development in the journey to Allah; a cessation of the attachment to the personality which can be experienced in various degrees or depths. (TR: Fena)<\/p>\n

Faqir:<\/strong>\u00a0a dervish; a Sufi on the path of faqr. (TR: Fakir)<\/p>\n

Faqr:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>having no being, no existence, no possession of self but Allah; giving up everything but Allah; seeing no existence in self and submitting all to Him, having realized this self is forever poor, empty, at mercy in the Presence of Allah. (TR: Fakr)<\/p>\n

Fazilat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>great virtue\u00a0<\/strong>(TR: Fazilet)<\/p>\n

Ferdaniyyat:<\/strong>\u00a0 the indivisible oneness and wholeness of Allah. (TR: Ferdaniyet)<\/p>\n

G<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ghaws;<\/strong> Ghaws al-Azam: a great wali recognized as the greatest helper among the helpers of the time, who holds the highest maqam among all created beings (TR: Gavs; Gavs-\u00fcl Azam)<\/p>\n

H<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Halk:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the crowd of people (TR: Halk)<\/p>\n

Hadith:<\/strong>\u00a0Hadith al-Sharif;<\/strong>\u00a0the words and statements of Hz. Muhammad(saws) recorded by his companions. (TR: Hadis-i \u015eerif).<\/p>\n

Hajj:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the pilgrimage to Mecca.<\/p>\n

Haqiqah:<\/strong>\u00a0the truth of Allah (TR: Hakikat)<\/p>\n

Haqq:<\/strong>\u00a0divine truth, reality. Al-Haqq is one of the names of Allah. (TR: El Hakk)<\/p>\n

Hirka:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the symbol of the graduation of the murid given by his murshid. (TR: H\u0131rka)<\/p>\n

Hz.:<\/strong>\u00a0the abbreviation of Hazrat: literally \u2018Great Presence\u2019, an honorific title used before the name of a dignified person. (TR: Hz.; Hazret)<\/p>\n

I<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ibadat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>worship for Allah\u00a0<\/strong>(TR: \u0130badet)<\/p>\n

Ihlas:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>sincerity (TR: \u0130hlas)<\/p>\n

Ihsan:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the\u00a0<\/strong>kindness, favor, generosity, grace of Allah. In Tasawwuf, the maqam of beauty and grace; a maqam in which the person continuously worships Allah as if he\u00a0\u00a0 sees Him (TR: \u0130hsan)<\/em><\/p>\n

Ilm:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>scientific knowledge (TR: \u0130lim)<\/p>\n

Imam:<\/strong>\u00a0a leader in a community of Muslims, responsible for being an example that follows Hz. Muhammad (saws) on the path of Allah (TR: \u0130mam)<\/p>\n

Iman:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>belief without doubt (TR: \u0130man)<\/p>\n

Irfan:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>knowledge\u00a0<\/strong>acquired through experience (TR: \u0130rfan)<\/p>\n

Irshad:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>guidance on the path of maturity (TR: \u0130r\u015fad)<\/p>\n

J<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Jabarrut:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the realm between the\u00a0<\/strong>visible world and the realm of \u2018malaqut\u2019.
\n(TR: Ceberut)<\/p>\n

K<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Kafeer:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>a person denying the oneness and the existence of Allah. (TR: Kafir)<\/p>\n

Keramat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the extraordinary manifestations performed by the awliya. Keramat only occurs by the will of Allah and the \u2018wali\u2019 is not in control of them. (Miracles occur through the prophets while the keramat happens through the awliya.) (TR: Keramet)<\/p>\n

L<\/strong><\/h2>\n

La ilaha ill\u2019Allah:<\/strong>\u00a0a phrase which can be translated as \u2018There is no god but Allah\u2019, \u2018There is no truth but Allah\u2019 or \u2018None has the right to be worshipped but Allah\u2019<\/p>\n

M<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Maqam:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>a spiritual station which marks the long path followed by Sufis leading to communion with Allah. (TR: Makam)<\/p>\n

Malaqut:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the invisible realm of angels and divine souls. (TR: Melekut)<\/p>\n

Marifat:<\/strong>\u00a0the term used by Sufis to describe the mystical intuitive knowledge of spiritual truth attained through ecstatic experience (rather than rationally acquired). A level on the Sufi path. (TR: Marifet)<\/p>\n

Massiva:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>The crowd of worldly concerns and occupations veiling one\u2019s consciousness from the presence of Allah. (TR: Masiva)<\/p>\n

Muezzin:<\/strong>\u00a0the person on the duty of reciting the adhan, the call to prayer.
\n(TR: M\u00fcezzin)<\/p>\n

Muhabbat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the love and intimacy of Allah. (TR: Muhabbet)<\/p>\n

Mumin:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>believer, specifically a believer of Allah (TR: M\u00fcmin)<\/p>\n

Murid:<\/strong>\u00a0a disciple committed to a murshid in a tariqah of Sufism. (TR: M\u00fcrid)<\/p>\n

Murshid:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>a Sufi teacher fully ordained by the lineage of a tariqah to guide and instruct the murids on the Sufi path. (TR: M\u00fcr\u015fid)<\/p>\n

N<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nafs:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the \u2018false self\u2019 or the individual personality which must be purified, refined and transcended on one\u2019s path to Allah. (TR: Nefs)<\/p>\n

Q<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Qiblah:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the direction Muslims face during prayer and salat; the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca (TR: K\u0131ble)
\n(qs):<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the abbreviation of \u2018quddesa sirruhu\u2019, which literally means: \u2018May his resting place remain pure\u2019. (TR:(ks))<\/p>\n

Qull:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>a servant of Allah\u00a0<\/strong>(TR: Kul)
\nQutub:<\/strong>\u00a0the perfect human being who leads the divine hierarchy as an infallible and trusted spiritual leader; the greatest murshid among the murshids of the time
\n(TR: Kutub)<\/p>\n

R<\/strong><\/h2>\n

(ra):<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the abbreviation of \u2018radiallahu anhum\u2019, which literally means: \u2018May Allah be pleased with him\u2019. (TR:(ra))<\/p>\n

Rabb:<\/strong>\u00a0Lord, Sustainer. Al-Rabb is one of the names of Allah.<\/p>\n

Ramadan:<\/strong>\u00a0the month of fasting, coinciding with the date on which the Qur\u2019an was first revealed. (TR: Ramazan)<\/p>\n

S<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Safa:<\/strong>\u00a0purity, sincerety, clarity (TR: Safa)<\/p>\n

Sahaba:<\/strong>\u00a0the companions of Hz. Muhammad (sa).<\/p>\n

Salaamat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the safety and protection of Allah (TR: Selamet)<\/p>\n

Salat:<\/strong>\u00a0the ritual prayer of Islam which is performed five times a day, also known as namaz. (TR: Namaz)<\/p>\n

(saws), (sa):<\/strong>\u00a0an abbreviation of \u2018salla Allahu alaihi wa-sal-lam\u2019, invoked whenever the name of the Prophet Hz. Muhammad is spoken or read. The translation is \u2018May Allah\u2019s peace and blessings be upon him.\u2019 An alternative English form is (pbuh).<\/p>\n

Sayyid<\/strong>\u00a0(male),\u00a0<\/strong>Sayyide<\/strong>\u00a0(female): a descendant of a relative of Hz. Muhammad (saws). (TR: Seyyid, Seyyide)<\/p>\n

Sema:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>dhikr accompanied by music and sometimes whirling.<\/p>\n

Seyr-u S\u00fcluk:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the Sufi path followed by a murid, with the guidance of a murshid, leading to communion with Allah. (TR: Seyr\u00fc S\u00fcluk)<\/p>\n

Shariah<\/strong>: the ethical and moral code based on the Qur\u2019an and the Sunnah. The first level on the Sufi path. (TR: \u015eeriat)<\/p>\n

Sheikh: (<\/strong>see \u2018Murshid\u2019 for the meaning in Sufism) (TR: \u015eeyh)<\/p>\n

S\u0131rr:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>secret, precious knowledge\u00a0(TR: s\u0131r)<\/p>\n

Sirat:<\/strong>\u00a0as-Sirat; the bridge which one passes through upon his or her death, on the day of Qiyamat (Judgement Day)\u00a0 (TR: S\u0131rat)
\nSohbat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>conversation, specifically as a practice of exchange and guidance among the Sufis (TR: Sohbet)<\/p>\n

Sunnah:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the \u2018path\u2019 or \u2018example\u2019 of Hz. Muhammad (saws), i.e., what he did or said or agreed to during his life. (TR: S\u00fcnnet)<\/p>\n

T<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Taqwa:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>abstinence; piety: avoiding anything which does not lead one to Allah.
\n(TR: Takva)<\/p>\n

Tariqah:<\/strong>\u00a0literally \u2018way\u2019 or \u2018path\u2019; a school of Sufism. Examples of the tariqah include the Rifa\u2019i, the Qadiri and the Mevlevi. (TR: Tarikat)<\/p>\n

Tasawwuf:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Sufism; a way of life in which a deeper identity is discovered and experienced. This deeper identity, or the essential self, has abilities of awareness, action, creativity and love that are far beyond the abilities of the superficial personality. (TR: Tasavvuf)<\/p>\n

Tawaqqul:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the conscious state of surrendering to Allah (TR: Tevekk\u00fcl)<\/p>\n

Tawhid:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the Oneness of Allah, or the belief in Divine Unity, one of the fundamental tenets of Islam. (TR: Tevhid)<\/p>\n

U<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ummah:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>community, people; specifically the followers of Hz. Muhammad (sa).
\n(TR: \u00dcmmet)<\/p>\n

W<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Walayat:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>the guardianship, the friendship, the guidance, the protection of Allah; the maqam of awliya (TR: Velayet)
\nWali<\/strong>: a saint and a friend of Allah. One of the most beautiful names of Allah. The plural form is Awliya. (TR: Veli-Evliya)
\nWird:<\/strong>\u00a0daily practice of worship (TR: Vird)<\/p>\n

Z<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Zahid:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>a person who practices \u2018zuhd\u2019. (TR: Zahid, Zahit)<\/p>\n

Zhikr:<\/strong>\u00a0(see \u2018Dhikr\u2019)<\/p>\n

Zuhd:<\/strong>\u00a0asceticism for the sake of keeping the mind-body-soul clear for the presence of Allah. (TR: Z\u00fchd)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A Ahid:\u00a0promise, commitment. (Turkish: Ahid) Ahirat:\u00a0the afterlife, the realm beyond the visible world (TR: Ahiret) Ahl:\u00a0people, adepts, members of a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":67,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-256","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=256"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2066,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256\/revisions\/2066"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/67"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rifai.org\/sufism\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}